{"id":10625,"date":"2015-07-02T17:34:26","date_gmt":"2015-07-02T15:34:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/omnium.whads.com\/les-dades-estadistiques-tanquen-el-cicle-20-minuts-de-ciencia-a-omnium\/"},"modified":"2015-07-02T17:34:26","modified_gmt":"2015-07-02T15:34:26","slug":"les-dades-estadistiques-tanquen-el-cicle-20-minuts-de-ciencia-a-omnium","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omnium.cat\/ca\/les-dades-estadistiques-tanquen-el-cicle-20-minuts-de-ciencia-a-omnium\/","title":{"rendered":"Les dades estad\u00edstiques tanquen el cicle \u201d20 minuts de ci\u00e8ncia a \u00d2mnium\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n\tGerm\u00e0 Coenders, membre del Grup de Recerca Compositional and Spatial Data Analysis COSDA de la UdG, va tancar el cicle de xerrades de \u201c20 minuts de ci\u00e8ncia a \u00d2mnium\u201d organitzat per la Universitat de Girona i \u00d2mnium Giron\u00e8s. Amb el t\u00edtol \u201cTotes les estad\u00edstiques s\u00f3n iguals?\u201d, Coenders va explicar la import\u00e0ncia de les estad\u00edstiques en la vida quotidiana i quins s\u00f3n els factors m\u00e9s rellevants que poden fer variar els resultats.<\/div>\n<div>\n\t&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>\n\tEl primer cas que va explicar \u00e9s l\u2019error de mesura en un resultat. Quan hi ha m\u00e9s de dues variables es solen relacionar amb una equaci\u00f3 per veure quina t\u00e9 m\u00e9s import\u00e0ncia, llavors s\u2019utilitza un \u00edndex de fiabilitat i un coeficient estimat. El que pot succeir \u00e9s que si la mesura no \u00e9s exacta els resultats van arrodonit-se fins que poden acabar variant la soculci\u00f3 totalment. Des del grup COSDA de la UdG es creen m\u00e8todes perqu\u00e8 aquest error sigui el menor possible.<\/div>\n<div>\n\t&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>\n\tEl segon cas en qu\u00e8 es poden alterar els resultats d\u2019una enquesta \u00e9s quan es generalitzen els resultats en \u00e0rees geogr\u00e0fiques petites. Coenders va explicar un cas sobre taxes d\u2019incid\u00e8ncia de c\u00e0ncer en seccions censals on caldria tenir en compte factors com l\u2019estructura d\u2019edat de la poblaci\u00f3. Per tal de suavitzar els resultats extrems de les estad\u00edstiques geogr\u00e0fiques hi ha diversos m\u00e8todes, els quals el grup COSDA de la UdG aplica en diversos projectes.&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>\n\t&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>\n\tEl tercer cas que fa que s\u2019alterin les estad\u00edstiques \u00e9s quan els resultats tenen una suma constant. Per exemple aix\u00f2 passa sempre en estudis sobre \u00fas del temps (en aquest cas la suma constant \u00e9s 24 hores). El temps dedicat a una activitat nom\u00e9s pot augmentar si se\u2019n redueix una altra. En aquest cas l&#8217;interessant no \u00e9s el temps dedicat en termes absoluts sin\u00f3 la import\u00e0ncia relativa de les activitats. Aquesta situaci\u00f3 at\u00edpica demana t\u00e8cniques d&#8217;an\u00e0lisi espec\u00edfiques. El grup COSDA de la UdG porta anys optimitzant m\u00e8todes per tractar les dades de suma fixa. Organitza regularment un congr\u00e9s mundial sobre la mat\u00e8ria i els seus m\u00e8todes s\u2019han recollit en llibres que han esdevingut de refer\u00e8ncia obligada en tot el m\u00f3n.<\/div>\n<div>\n\t&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>\n\tFinalment es va crear un debat sobre la import\u00e0ncia del plantejament de la pregunta en el moment de fer una enquesta i la seva import\u00e0ncia per entendre i manipular els resultats esperats.<\/div>\n<div>\n\t&nbsp;<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u2019error de mesura, la suma constant i la generalitzaci\u00f3 de resultats en \u00e0rees geogr\u00e0fiques petites s\u00f3n alguns els factors que poden tergiversar els resultats estad\u00edstics.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10626,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"post_headquarter":[1765],"post_project":[],"class_list":["post-10625","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-ca","post_headquarter-girones"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - 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